Urinary tract infection is a bacterial infection that occurs in the urethra (uretritis), bladder (cystitis), ureters or kidneys (pyelonephritis). Urinary tract infections can be attacked from above (where the bacteria enter the kidney via the bloodstream) or from below (where the bacteria enter the urethra) most urinary tract infections originated from the lower urinary tract (bladder and urethra) and if it’s not given treatment for the infection will spread to the upper urinary tract (ureter and kidney).
Types of urinary tract infections are most often encountered is cystitis (bladder infection), cystitis usually occurs in women after sexual intercourse, where the bacteria enter the bladder through the urethra.
90% of cases cystitis caused by Escherichia coli, the bacteria in the normal condition found in the colon and rectum. ureritis (infection of the urethra) cause symptoms resemble cystitis symptom.
In some cases of cystitis, bacteria can reach the upper urinary tract and cause kidney infection (pyelonephritis). Therapy should be given immediately because the infection can result in decreasing kidney function, especially in elderly patients or who has weak immune systems.
Urinary tract infections occurs in approximately 3% of girls and 1% of boys 11 years old. Women are more prone for urinary tract infection because they have a shorter urethra and its position close to the anus.
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